RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
The Full Form of RNA is Ribonucleic Acid
RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) – DNA is the synthesis of RNA itself. In this action RNA is joined by joining a pair of DNA, thus creating a temporary DNA-RNA hybrid pair. It contains uracil in place of the nitrogen base thymine.
The RNA full form is Ribonucleic Acid. It is one of the major biological molecules required for humans and all known forms of life as well. It performs various important biological activities related to Protein Synthesis such as Transcription, Decoding, Regulation, and Expression of Genes.
RNA is a nucleic acid that is directly involved in protein synthesis. Ribonucleic acid is an important nucleotide with a long chain of nucleic acids present in all living cells. Its main role is to act as a directing agent from DNA to control protein synthesis.
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Types of RNA [RNA Full Form]
There are generally three types of RNA found in an organism.
- r-RNA (ribosomal RNA): – They stick to ribosomes and help in protein synthesis. It contains about 85% of the total RNA of the cell. It plays an important role in Protein Synthesis as it interacts with mRNA and tRNA on Protein Synthesis at various stages of translation.
- t-RNA (transfer RNA): – It brings in different types of amino acids to ribosomes in protein synthesis where the proteins are made. It is the smallest of the three types of RNA Molecules. It usually contains 74 to 95 Nucleotide Residue. It transfers the amino acid from the cell mass to the protein synthesis machinery. That’s why it’s called Transfer RNA.
- m-RNA (messenger RNA): – It helps in selecting amino acids outside the nucleus of our body’s cell. It plays an important role in DNA transcription. It is a process in which the messenger RNA binds to one end of the DNA. So its base sequence is the DNA Template Edge Complement.
Other Types of RNA
- Small Nuclear RNA (snRNA)
- Regulatory RNAs
- Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA)
- Ribozymes (RNA enzymes)
- Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)
Difference between DNA and RNA
RNA is similar to DNA but differs in some important structural details. RNA nucleotides contain ribose sugar while DNA contains d -oxy-ribose a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom, and RNA uses predominant uracil instead of thymine in DNA.
RNA is usually single stranded, while DNA is usually double stranded. RNA is further processed from DNA by an enzyme called RNA polymerase and by other enzymes. But there are some objections where RNA is double stranded and DNA is single stranded. Examples of double-stranded RNAs – Rho-virus, retrovirus, hepatitis-B virus, etc., and stranded DNA are present in phage FX174 and parvovirus.
Unlike DNA, RNA is not the biological material of most organisms. RNA is only the biological material of some plant animals and bacterial viruses. Such RNA is called biological RNA. Although RNA is present in all organisms, it functions differently during protein synthesis. The biological message is given by DNA and such RNA is called non-biological RNA. RNA acts as a template for the translation of genes into proteins, transfers amino acids to the ribosome to form proteins and also translates transcripts into proteins.
So guys today, in this article we have learned about what is RNA, what is the full form of RNA, what are the types of RNA and what is the difference between DNA and RNA. If you want the DNA full form click here.
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